"Since the beginning of history philosophy, the specificity of philosophical knowledge, which results from its fundamentality, has manifested itself in the quest for the most general notions which would adequately describe the structure and dynamics of reality. Such notions as oneness and multiplicity, sameness and difference, finitude and infinity, changeability and unchangeability, motion and rest, among others, have become a permanent challenge for philosophizing intellect, and also an irremovable element of the dictionary of European philosophy, to which new terminological entries are being added, and the meanings of the old ones are being specified. From the very beginning, their fundamental understanding has been disputed, namely, it has been argued whether they result from a subjective description of the world, or they reflect and name objective manners of being. Conseuently, there have occured epistomological and linguistic interpretations (categories as notions or predicates),and ontological interpretations".

"Contents:
[Agnieszka Woszczyk, Dariusz Olesiński,] Introduction
Adam Drozdek, Archelaus: Between Ontology and Anthropology
Bogdan Dembiński, Categories in the Philosophy of Plato and Aristotle
Dariusz Olesiński, Plato's Conception of the Good in The Republic
Anna Zhyrkova, The Academic Roots of Plotinus' Treatment of the Aristotelian Categories
Rafał Oleś, The Highest Genera of Being and Substantial Unity in Plotinus' Onthology
Agnieszka Woszczyk, Prenoetic Genera in The Enneads by Plotinus
Jacek Surzyn, Disjunctives as Transcategorial Attributes of Being - An Outline of John Duns Scotus's Standpoint"